Zweite Ausgabe – „Sprache und Zeichen“

The Turn ist eine Zeitschrift für islamische Philosophie, Theologie und Mystik.

Über die Ausgabe

Herausgeber

Al-Mustafa Institut Berlin

Redaktion

Michael Nestler
Prof. Dr. Mahdi Esfahani

Wissenschaftlicher Beirat

Prof. Dr. Christoph Böhr
Prof. Dr.Wolfgang Gantke
Prof. Dr.Peter Gerdsen
Prof. Dr. Eveline Goodman-Thau
Prof. Dr. Harald Seubert
Prof. Dr. Hamid Reza Yousefi

https://doi.org/10.53100/ttrnn212ujgfg

Inhalt

Vorwort

In der Zweiten Ausgabe zum Thema "Sprache und Zeichen" nähern sich die Autoren diesen beiden Begrifflichkeiten auf unterschiedliche Art und Weise und unternehmen ihrerseits den Versuch einer Definition. 

  • Roman Singendonk diskutiert in seinem Essay "Die Sprache der Dinge - zur Bedeutung von Museumsobjekten für den gesellschaftlichen Diskurs" den stetigen Wandel der Museen in Hinblick auf gesellschaftlicher Anforderungen. Hierbei konzentriert er sich auf die ausgestellten Objekte und die Art und Weise ihrer gesellschaftlichen Wirkungskraft. 
  • Der philosophisch-theologische Beitrag "Der Körper und die religiöse Sprache" von Mahdi Esfahani behandelt die Entstehung der religiösen Sprache in Abhängigkeit des menschlichen Körpers. Hierbei geht der Autor von der These aus, dass der Mensch nur aufgrund seiner körperlichen Beschaffenheit die Sprache zu verstehen vermag. 
  • Hartmut Zinser schafft mit seinem Artikel "Säkularisierung - Wiederkehrt der Religionen - Postsäkularismus" einen soziologischen Blick auf den Säkularisierungsprozess innerhalb der europäischen Gesellschaften. Hierbei bespricht der Autor  die Konsequenzen für eine moderne, postsäkulare Gesellschaft, wenn Religionen den Anspruch auf eine gesellschaftliche Mitbestimmung fordert. 
  • Kamil Öktem geht in seinem Beitrag "Sprachwissenschaft und Theologie (kalām)  als exegetische Prämisse und Verstehenskontext in dem Korankommentar at-Tafsīr al-kabīr des Faḫr ad-Dīn ar-Rāz am Beispiel der Gottesschau in Q 6:103" der Bedeutung der Sprachwissenschaft für die Schriftauslegung nach und gibt eine Übersicht ihre verschiedenen methodischen Ansätze wieder. 
  • Der Artikel "Mīr Dāmād und die Schule von Isfahan - Einheit und Differenz von Philosophie, kalām und Überlieferung" von Sedigheh Khansari Mousavi zeigt die beinahe bedingte Beziehung zwischen Theologie und Philosophie, in dem die Autorin die im kalām geführten Debatte um die Handlungstheorie und das Prinzip der Kausalität erörtert. 
  • Ali Asghar Mosleh bespricht in seinem Artikel "Beyond cultural barriers, Islamic mysticism and intercultural insights" die Überwindung kultureller Barrieren und den Umgang mit "Anderen bzw. Fremden". Darin beleuchtet der Autor die Rolle der Mystik und ihre Bedeutung für den interreligiösen bzw. interkulturellen Dialog. Hierfür untersucht er die Gründe der Entstehung der islamischen Mystik und ihre Entwicklung im Iran.
  • Der studentische Beitrag über den göttlichen burhān im Kontext der Josefgeschichte (Q 12:24) von Maassouma Dabbous untersucht die etymologische und exegetische Bedeutung des sogenannten "Zeichens", welches Joseph bei der Verführung Zulaiḫās begegnete. Die Autorin untersucht ihre Bedeutungsmöglichkeit anhand dreier unterschiedlicher Korankommentare, die jeweils eigene Antworten geben. 
Roman Singendonk: The Language of Things - On the Significance of Museum Objects for Social Discourse

Roman Singendonk: The Language of Things - On the Significance of Museum Objects for Social Discourse

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53100/ttrnn212ujgfg_1

Museums are changing worldwide today, being fundamentally restructured and exposed to a variety of internal and external requirements. This highly charged process is needed to preserve and renew the importance of museums and their collections to society as a whole. The article begins with a discussion of this transformation and highlights the potential of museums and their social impact. In doing so, author focuses on the heart of all museums, on the objects themselves. Referring to the title of this volume, the author traces the language of the museum objects and discusses what they can tell us. But can things even talk? And if so, what stories do they tell us? Can we even understand them or are we too distracted? The language of things teaches us a lot about human history and in the best case also about their present and future. So it pays to listen carefully ...

Mahdi Esfahani: The body and religious language

Mahdi Esfahani: The body and religious language

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53100/ttrnn212ujgfg_1

In this article, the author discusses the relationship between the human body and the emergence of religious language, starting with the thesis that the nature of the human body has a direct effect on the determination of language, and that we only understand the meaning of words in accordance with our physical disposition. In this thorough philosophical-theological treatise on Being, speech, the body and prophetology, Qur’anic textual examples and Islamic traditions are used to explain how body and language interrelate and what conclusions can be drawn from this for the centuries-old theological debate on the "anthropomorphisms" in the Qur’an.

Hartmut Zinser: Secularization - the Return of Religions - Post-secularism

Hartmut Zinser: Secularization - the Return of Religions - Post-secularism

In his contribution, Hartmut Zinser views the processes of secularization within European or so-called Western societies, which have mainly taken place since the Enlightenment, through the lens of the sociology of religion. Starting from a definition of the profane and the sacred, he considers the historical "transition of sacralized objects into a secular use" and then explains why the so-called "secularization thesis", which assumes "an increasing replacement of the meaning of religion as an universal historical process," today cannot be considered valid anymore and is finished. But what consequences does this have for a modern, post-secular society as religions leave the "private" sphere, regain the public space and aspire again to social participation? Zinser approaches this question in the last chapter of his essay, where he also deals with the position of Jürgen Habermas in this regard.

Kamil Öktem: Linguistics and theology (kalām) as the exegetical premise and context of understanding in the Qur'an commentary at-Tafsīr al-kabīr of the Faḫr ad-Dīn ar-Rāzī on the example of the divine show in Q 6:103

Kamil Öktem: Linguistics and theology (kalām) as the exegetical premise and context of understanding in the Qur'an commentary at-Tafsīr al-kabīr of the Faḫr ad-Dīn ar-Rāzī on the example of the divine show in Q 6:103

What significance does linguistics have for the discipline of Qur’an exegesis? Kamil Öktem takes up this question in his essay on ar-Rāzī's Qur'an commentary and gives an overview of the various hermeneutic approaches and definitions of this Islamic discipline. He shows in the case study of the divine vision in Paradise (ru'yat Allāh), which is discussed in Q 6:103, how ar-Rāzī in his Qur'an commentary at-Tafsīr al-kabīr applies theological and linguistic knowledge. After a detailed methodical examination of ar-Rāzī’s interpretation of Q 6:103, he concludes that, on the one hand, "linguistics were a very important and functionally crucial element in the early Qur’an exegesis" and, on the other hand, that there is great scope for interpretation in the theological discussions taking place in the Kalām discussions.

Sedigheh Khansari Mousavi: Mīr Dāmād and the school of Isfahan - the unity and difference of philosophy, kalām and tradition

Sedigheh Khansari Mousavi: Mīr Dāmād and the school of Isfahan - the unity and difference of philosophy, kalām and tradition

Sedigheh Khansari Mousavi illustrates how theology and philosophy do not necessarily have to be opposites, and can even mutually condition each other, using the example of Mīr Dāmād, who is considered one of the most important representatives of the school of Isfahan. His work al-Īqāẓāt serves as an opportunity to revisit and discuss the Kalām, which led debate about the "theory of action" and the "chain of causality". Like Mīr Dāmād who in his treatise on the question of human actions and their causes, the author by means of a detailed structural analysis demonstrates that the revelation (waḥy) and understanding reason ('aql) are perfectly compatible with one another.

Ali Asghar Mosleh: Beyond cultural barriers, Islamic mysticism and intercultural insights

Ali Asghar Mosleh: Beyond cultural barriers, Islamic mysticism and intercultural insights

Mysticism has had a magnificent role in most cultures, particularly in cultures based upon world religions. Studies conducted in recent decades show that emergent mysticisms in different historical periods and territories, despite the great differences in terms of climatic conditions, historical experiences, language and other cultural elements, share similar roots and principles. One of the roles intercultural philosophy can play is to introduce a comparative study of these emergent mysticisms in different cultures in order to create an appropriate setting for dialogue and understanding between cultures. In this article we briefly examine the grounds of the emergence and development of Islamic mysticism (Sufism) in Iran and then discuss one example of its potential for intercultural insight and dialogue with other traditions.

Maassouma Dabbous: How is the “burhan of God” expressed in Q 12:24? - A linguistic and exegetical analysis of the word “burhān” on the basis of classical Islamic compilations

Maassouma Dabbous: How is the “burhan of God” expressed in Q 12:24? - A linguistic and exegetical analysis of the word “burhān” on the basis of classical Islamic compilations

In the context of Yūsuf’s story and the meeting of Yūsuf and Zulaiḫā, the author searches for the secret behind the word “burhān” in Q 12:24. In doing so, she first of all explores the etymological and lexical meanings of this word before approaching the Qur'anic concept. Which "sign" of God did the Prophet Yūsuf actually receive in order to resist the seduction of Zulaiḫā? The author discusses this with the help of three different Qur’an commentaries, which also give each their own answers.

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